در حال دریافت اطلاعات ...
متن رفرنس
نکته: وقتی درباره بازه زمانی صحبت میکنیم که از گذشته شروع شده و تا الان (زمان حال) ادامه دارد (مثل کل طول عمر یک شخص یا تجربیات او)، از حال کامل استفاده میکنیم. در اینجا کلماتی مثل ever (تا به حال) و never (هرگز) بسیار پرکاربرد هستند.
Have you ever deployed to production on a Friday? (آیا تا به حال روز جمعه روی پروداکشن دیپلوی کردهای؟ - اشاره به تجربه کل دوران کاری برنامهنویس)
I have never written a smart contract. (من هرگز یک قرارداد هوشمند ننوشتهام.)
It’s the most complex algorithm I’ve ever seen. (این پیچیدهترین الگوریتمی است که تا به حال دیدهام.)
نکته: اگر بازه زمانی مورد بحث هنوز تمام نشده باشد، از حال کامل استفاده میکنیم. کلمات کلیدی این بخش شامل recently (اخیراً)، in the last few days (در چند روز گذشته)، so far (تا الان)، since (از زمانِ…)، today (امروز)، this year (امسال) و غیره است.
Have you read any tech blogs recently? (آیا اخیراً وبلاگ تکنولوژی خواندهای؟)
Everything is working fine. There haven't been any memory leaks so far. (همه چیز خوب کار میکند. تا الان هیچ نشت حافظهای نداشتهایم.)
I've written 500 lines of code today. (من امروز ۵۰۰ خط کد نوشتهام. - “امروز” هنوز تمام نشده و ممکن است بیشتر هم بنویسم.)
نکته: برای بیان اینکه یک اتفاق برای اولین بار، دومین بار، یا چندمین بار رخ داده است (تا این لحظه)، از حال کامل استفاده میکنیم. ساختار آن به شکل It is the first time something has happened است.
It's the first time I have configured a Kubernetes cluster. (این اولین باری است که من یک کلاستر کوبرنیتیز را کانفیگ کردهام. - نه اینکه میگویم “I configure”)
The CI pipeline is failing again. This is the third time it has failed today. (پایپلاین CI دوباره دارد خطا میدهد. این سومین باری است که امروز خطا داده است.)
عنوان کارت
پاسخ
8.1 You ask people about things they have done. Write questions with ever.
(ride / horse?) Have you ever ridden a horse?
(be / California?) Have __________________________________________________
(run / marathon?) __________________________________________________
(speak / famous person?) __________________________________________________
(most beautiful place / visit?) What’s __________________________________________________
8.2 Complete B’s answers. Some sentences are positive and some negative. Use these verbs: be, be, eat, happen, have, have, meet, play, read, see, try.
A: What’s Mark’s sister like? B: I’ve no idea. I’ve never met her.
A: Is everything going well? B: Yes, we haven’t had any problems so far.
A: Are you hungry? B: Yes. I ___________________________________ much today.
A: Can you play chess? B: Yes, but ___________________________________ for ages.
A: Are you enjoying your holiday? B: Yes, it’s the best holiday ___________________________________ for a long time.
A: What’s that book about? B: I don’t know. ___________________________________ it.
A: Is Brussels an interesting place? B: I’ve no idea. ___________________________________ there.
A: I hear your car broke down again yesterday. B: Yes, it’s the second time ___________________________________ this month.
A: Do you like caviar? B: I don’t know. ___________________________________ it.
A: Mike was late for work again today. B: Again? He ___________________________________ late every day this week.
A: Who’s that woman by the door? B: I don’t know. ___________________________________ her before.
8.3 Write four sentences about yourself. Use I haven’t and choose from the boxes.
(Boxes: [used a computer, travelled by bus, eaten any fruit, been to the cinema, read a book, lost anything] / [today, this week, recently, for ages, since…, this year])
I haven’t used a computer today.
8.4 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
Jack is driving a car for the first time. He’s very nervous and not sure what to do.
It’s the first time he’s driven a car.
Some children at the zoo are looking at a giraffe. They’ve never seen one before.
It’s the first time ___________________________________ a giraffe.
Sue is riding a horse. She doesn’t look very confident or comfortable.
She ___________________________________ before.
Joe and Lisa are on holiday in Japan. They’ve been to Japan once before.
This is the second time __________________________________________________ .
Emily is staying at the Prince Hotel. She stayed there a few years ago.
It’s not the first ___________________________________ this hotel.
Ben is playing tennis for the first time. He’s a complete beginner.
__________________________________________________ before.